56 [✐2] until? by?

Japanese Swotter - Speaking Drill + Shadowing

[✐2. Andante] 〜まで(until, up to)？ 〜までに(by)？
“I want to get married by the age of 40.”

[まで(made) is often used in conjunction with verbs which represent the time width(duration), such as ”is”, “continue, “wait, “work”, “rest", and so on. までに(madeni) indicates the time limit by which an action should be done, most of the time followed by verbs such as “return”, “finish”, “submit”, “marry” etc.]

[00:08]

Good morning, everyone. We practice “made” and “made ni” today.

[00: 15]

What’s the difference between; “raigetsu made hon wo karimasu” and “raigetsu madeni hon wo karimasu”?

[00:24]

The first one: “raigetsu made hon wo karimasu” is ”I will borrow and keep the book until next month. Here we are talking about the duration.

[00:37]

Meanwhile,”madeni” indicates the time limit. Therefore “raigetsu madeni hon wo karimasu” implies I haven’t borrowed a book yet, and I will borrow a book by next month.

[00:54]

Let’s start with “made”.

Repeat after me

[00:59]

1. Until what time is your work (Until what time do you work)?

2. My work is (I work) until 5 pm.

3. I work from 9 am to 5 pm.

4. Lunch (time) is from 12 am to 1 pm.

5. There is (I have no) break until 3 pm.

[02:04]

Now, listen to the key words first. Then repeat the sentence.

[02:10]

For example,

[KW] Test, 2 pm till 3 pm

→ The test is from 2 pm to/till 3 pm.

Ready？

[01:21]

1. [KW] work, Friday, off

→ Work is (I’m) off until Friday.

2. [KW] 8 pm, online meeting

→ I had (There was) an online meeting until 8 pm.

3. [KW] father, 70 years old

→ My father worked until 70 years old.

4. [KW] it’s your turn, wait here

→ Untill it’s your turn, please wait here.

5. [KW] Mori san, until a while ago, was

→ Mori san was here until a while ago.

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「40さいまでに けっこんしたいです」

[00:08]

みなさん、おはようございます。きょうは｢まで｣と｢までに｣をれんしゅうします。

[00:15]

What’s the difference between;

“らいげつまで ほんを かります” and “らいげつまでに ほんを かります”?

[00:24]

The first one: “らいげつまで ほんをかります” is ”I will borrow and keep the book until next month. Here we are talking about the duration.

[00:37]

Meanwhile,までに indicates the time limit. Therefore “らいげつまでに ほんを かります” implies I haven’t borrowed a book yet, and I will borrow a book by next month.

[00:54]Let’s start with まで.

Repeat after me

[00:59]

1. しごとは なんじまで ですか。

2. しごとは ５じまで です。

3. ９じから ５じまで はたらきます。

4. ランチは 12じから 1じまで です。

5. ３じまで きゅうけい*が ありません。

(*きゅうけい = break, time off)

[02:04]

では、キーワード[Key Words]をきいて、それからぶんをリピートしましょう。

[02:10]

たとえば、

[KW] テスト、２じから３じ

→ テストは２じから３じまでです。

いいですか。

[02:21]

1. [KW]しごと、きんようび、やすみ

→ しごとは きんようびまで やすみです。

2. [KW]よる8じ、オンラインかいぎ

→ よる8じまで オンライン かいぎでした。

3. [KW]ちち、70さい

→ ちちは 70さいまではたらきました。

4. [KW]じゅんばん、ここでまちます

→ じゅんばんがくるまで、ここでまってください。

5. [KW]もりさん、さっきまで、いました

→ もりさんは さっきまで ここにいました。

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Note: English translations might sound occasionally unnatural as English, as I try to preserve the structure and essence of the original Japanese.